LONDON, UK – Researchers have recently unraveled the mystery surrounding the ancient baobab trees, shedding light on their origins and evolution. According to groundbreaking DNA studies, the iconic baobab trees first emerged in Madagascar approximately 41 million years ago, before dispersing to Australia and mainland Africa through ocean currents, evolving into distinct species.

The study, conducted by Dr. Ilia Leitch from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and Prof. Andrew Leitch from Queen Mary University of London, has emphasized the importance of conservation efforts for these unique trees. Baobabs, also known as the “tree of life” or the “upside-down tree” due to their peculiar shapes and exceptional longevity, are facing imminent threats from climate change and extensive deforestation.

The researchers examined eight baobab species, including six found in Madagascar, one common across Africa, and another in north-west Australia. Their findings highlighted the urgent need for heightened conservation measures for two endangered Malagasy species, particularly the giant baobab, the largest and most renowned baobab species in Madagascar.

Baobabs play a crucial role in supporting a wide range of animals, plants, and even humans in their ecosystems, earning them the title of a keystone species. Their fruits are revered as superfoods, and their trunks are utilized to produce fibers for ropes and clothing. Moreover, these trees can live for thousands of years, storing significant amounts of water in their trunks to survive prolonged dry spells.

The enchanting beauty of baobabs goes beyond their physical appearance; they produce large white flowers that bloom at dusk, attracting bats as primary pollinators. These bats travel vast distances to feed on the nectar, highlighting the symbiotic relationship between baobabs and wildlife in their habitats.

Collaborating with institutions such as Wuhan Botanical Garden in China and the University of Antananarivo in Madagascar, the research underscores the intricate relationship between baobabs and local cultures. As these ancient giants face the looming threat of extinction, conservationists are calling for urgent action to safeguard the future of these extraordinary trees.