NEW YORK — A recent alert issued by space weather forecasters signals the possibility of intense solar storms this week, promising vibrant displays of the northern lights across a broad swath of the United States. These stunning phenomena, though captivating, also carry the risk of intermittent communication disruptions, particularly affecting radio and GPS signals.

In the days leading up to the alert, the sun has emitted a series of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), bursts of solar wind and magnetic fields released into space. These eruptions are predicted to arrive at Earth Tuesday night and into Wednesday, potentially triggering geomagnetic storms strong enough to produce dazzling auroras far beyond their typical polar locations.

As the solar activity peaks, experts anticipate that the northern lights might be visible across northern states and possibly as far south as Alabama and Northern California. The extent and brightness of the auroras will depend heavily on the timing of the CMEs and their interaction with Earth’s magnetic field.

Currently, the sun is at the height of its 11-year solar cycle, a phase characterized by increased activity and frequent CME occurrences. While auroras are most commonly seen near the poles, this heightened solar phase has granted enthusiastic skywatchers an expanded viewing range across lower latitudes. Last year, for example, a significant geomagnetic storm allowed observers in places like New England and New York City to witness these ethereal lights.

The solar activity is not without its risks. In addition to enchanting visuals, strong solar storms can cause disruptions to various technological systems. When energetic particles collide with Earth’s magnetic field, they may interfere with electrical power grids, disrupt air traffic control systems, and hamper satellite communications. Historical incidents, such as the 1859 Carrington Event, demonstrate the potential hazards; that storm ignited telegraph wires and enabled auroras to be seen in strikingly low latitudes.

While no one can predict solar storms months ahead, agencies like NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration issue alerts just days before significant solar events. The ongoing solar maximum is expected to last at least until the end of this year, with an indeterminate peak still ahead.

For those eager to catch a glimpse of the auroras, several resources are available, including forecasts from NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center and various mobile applications. Ideal viewing locations include dark, remote areas away from the light pollution of urban centers, with many experts suggesting parks as prime spots. Clear weather is also crucial, as clouds can obstruct this celestial display.

Capturing the northern lights on camera may reveal details that are invisible to the naked eye. For fellow skywatchers, the excitement of witnessing such a rare natural event serves as a reminder of both the beauty and complexity of space weather.